
A pivotal leader of the Indian independence movement and the first Prime Minister of independent India, known as the architect of the modern Indian nation-state.
Một lãnh đạo quan trọng của phong trào độc lập Ấn Độ và là Thủ tướng đầu tiên của Ấn Độ độc lập, được biết đến là kiến trúc sư của quốc gia Ấn Độ hiện đại.
This biography of Jawaharlal Nehru helps you learn English through real historical stories. Explore Jawaharlal Nehru's impact on the world.
Jawaharlal Nehru was born in 1889 in Allahabad into a wealthy, aristocratic Kashmiri Pandit family. After receiving a privileged education at Trinity College, Cambridge, and training as a barrister in London, he returned to India and was profoundly moved by the poverty and exploitation of the Indian masses under British rule. Becoming a close protégé of Mahatma Gandhi, Nehru emerged as a central figure in the Indian National Congress, fiercely advocating for "Purna Swaraj," or complete independence from the British Empire.
On the eve of India's independence in August 1947, Nehru delivered his immortal "Tryst with Destiny" speech, marking the birth of a new nation. As India's first Prime Minister, a position he held for 17 years, he faced the monumental task of uniting a vast, newly partitioned country torn by communal violence. He became the principal architect of the modern Indian nation-state, laying the foundations for a sovereign, socialist, secular, and democratic republic. Unlike Gandhi's vision of traditional village economies, Nehru fervently championed rapid industrialization, scientific advancement, and the establishment of premier educational institutions.
On the global stage, Nehru was a visionary statesman who sought to carve out an independent path for newly decolonized nations. Refusing to align with either the United States or the Soviet Union during the escalating Cold War, he became a founding father of the Non-Aligned Movement, advocating for peaceful coexistence and anti-imperialism. Fondly remembered as "Chacha Nehru" (Uncle Nehru) for his deep affection for children, he passed away in 1964. His enduring legacy is that of a towering intellectual and democratic leader who guided India through its most fragile formative years.