
A classical Greek philosopher credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy, known for his Socratic method of questioning.
Một triết gia Hy Lạp cổ đại, được xem là một trong những người sáng lập triết học phương Tây, nổi tiếng với phương pháp đặt câu hỏi Socrates.
This biography of Socrates helps you learn English through real historical stories. Explore Socrates's impact on the world.
Socrates was born around 470 BC in Athens, Greece, during its golden age. Unlike many intellectuals of his time, he did not write down any of his teachings; everything we know about him comes from the accounts of his students, most notably Plato and Xenophon. He spent his early years working as a stonemason before serving bravely as a soldier in the Peloponnesian War. However, his true calling lay not in physical labor or warfare, but in the relentless pursuit of truth and wisdom.
He is best known for developing the "Socratic method," a form of cooperative argumentative dialogue. Instead of lecturing, Socrates would walk through the public squares of Athens, asking people probing questions about concepts like justice, courage, and piety. By constantly asking "why," he exposed contradictions in their thinking, showing that many who claimed to be wise actually knew very little. His most famous realization was his own intellectual humility: "I know that I know nothing."
Socrates's habit of embarrassing the powerful and encouraging the youth to question authority eventually made him powerful enemies. In 399 BC, he was put on trial, accused of corrupting the youth of Athens and failing to acknowledge the city's gods. Despite giving a brilliant and defiant defense, he was found guilty and sentenced to death. True to his principles, he refused opportunities to escape into exile, choosing instead to calmly drink a cup of poisonous hemlock, becoming philosophy's first great martyr and forever altering the course of Western thought.